The Unicorn Puzzle

The Unicorn Puzzle

Daria Davydova, Ruediger Fahlenbrach, Leandro Sanz, René Stulz

Series number :

Serial Number: 
857/2022

Date posted :

November 20 2022

Last revised :

November 20 2022
SSRN Share

Keywords

  • Unicorns • 
  • Scale and Scope • 
  • venture capital • 
  • Private vs. Public • 
  • Organizational Capital

From 2010 to 2021, 639 US VC-funded firms achieved unicorn status. We investigate why there are so many unicorns and why controlling shareholders give investors privileges to obtain unicorn status. We show that unicorns rely more than other VC-funded firms on organizational capital as well as network effects and the internet. Unicorn status enables startups to access new sources of capital.

With this capital, they can invest more in organizational intangible assets with less expropriation risk than if they were public. As a result, they are more likely to capture the economies of scale that make their business model valuable.

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Authors

Real name:
Daria Davydova
Real name:
Leandro Sanz